While technology allowed the anti-trafficking community to navigate more easily the myriad challenges caused by the pandemic, its expanded use highlighted the importance of ensuring victims access to technology and online services, as well as their safety and privacy when using technology to receive victim assistance. Representation and diversity of experience and thought matter. She has gone out of her way to meet with individuals in facilities for internally displaced persons, who may have been exploited, and made sure they were aware of their rights under the countrys laws. Some governments expanded protective services, such as admitting live teleconference testimony in court or providing victims the option to testify remotely to avoid interacting with their traffickers. Furthermore, familial trafficking situations may have prevented survivors from developing key healthy social skills, including how to make and maintain friends, relate to other children and adults, ask for assistance, and recognize their own self-worth. Ghana Governments can also play a role by supporting the use of digital financial services and innovative tools to assist victims who have been harmed financially. According to the U.S. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), a trauma-informed lens upholds each person as an active agent of their own recovery process, the ability of individuals to recognize symptoms of trauma in others, and the integration of a do no harm approach into the creation of policies, procedures, and practices. When the family member or guardian is the victims trafficker, it may not be apparent that human trafficking is occurring, especially because the victim lives with or near the perpetrator. Christine Buchholz Casey Risko All countries must continually increase efforts to combat trafficking. Children should receive immediate support and assistance in a safe and comfortable setting that is not intimidating or retraumatizing. China This sustained assistance to the ANDSF through IMET plays an important role in preserving Afghanistans security, political, and economic gains, including by enhancing awareness of and respect for human rights across the ANDSF. Morocco A comforting environment and informal play can assist survivors in expressing their feelings of fear and distress while also supporting their resiliency. Police officers, immigration officers, customs officers and coast guard officers were also included in the extensive network of traffickers of humans in TT. The GOI is taking effective and continuing steps to address the problem of child soldiers. Cyprus In addition, APRAMP has a 24-hour hotline, short-term shelters, multidisciplinary care centers, witness protection resources, legal advice, psychological support, a job education center, and self-employment workshops. Section 5. Throughout the COVID-19 crisis, a lack of credible and accurate data posed a challenge to effective and efficient anti-trafficking efforts around the world. For example, organizations will prioritize hiring a survivor as a staff member or consultant and then equate that action with becoming a fully trauma-informed entity, while failing to use a trauma-informed approach to care, which often retraumatizes individuals receiving services. Some military personnel are participating in training programs on childrens rights. Gambia, The These attacks and threats may require that the organizations divert even more resources away from victim services to improve cyber security and personal security for NGO staff. Bemaka-Souis tireless leadership and her efforts to forge these institutional frameworks resulted in the critical foundation for the government to steadily improve its efforts to combat human trafficking. Subject Matter Expert with Lived Experience of Human Trafficking. Bemaka-Soui is also sensitive to the effects that human trafficking has on individuals and their communities. Many survivors had to close shops or leave jobs due to lockdowns and some were pressured by former traffickers when other employment options dried up. The limited U.S. military assistance to Cameroon plays a role in its ability to support regional stability and security, including in the strategically important Gulf of Guinea, and to address the threat in the Lake Chad region from Boko Haram and ISIS-West Africa. As of April 5, no PKO funding was obligated in FY 2021. International Military Education and Training $76,098 While U.S. efforts to combat human trafficking have grown in magnitude and sophistication over the years, the United States still struggles with how to address the disparate effects of human trafficking on racial minority communities. Marshall Islands The fact-finding mission has a mandate to document abuses by GNA and non-state militias, including child soldier recruitment or use. Proactive partnerships between governments, financial institutions, law enforcement, civil society, and survivor experts are critical to identifying illicit financial activity associated with human trafficking. It is imperative that the public fully understand the negative effects that spreading and acting on these rumors and misinformation can have on service providers, victims and survivors, and the broader anti-trafficking field. After reasonable requests from the Department of State for data regarding investigations, prosecutions, convictions, and sentences, a government which does not provide such data, consistent with a demonstrably increasing capacity of such government to obtain such data, shall be presumed not to have vigorously investigated, prosecuted, convicted or sentenced such acts. There is a connection and a disparity from police profiling, arrest, incarceration rates, sentencing, and recidivism. Likewise, many companies have taken a stand against the use of forced labor in China by cutting ties with suppliers in Xinjiang or those connected to the PRCs campaign of repressionat times earning them heavy consumer and state-run media backlash within the Chinese domestic market. Although the DDR Committee is not specifically dedicated to removing child soldiers from the field of battle, its mission is to facilitate the disarmament and reintegration of ex-fighters of Boko Haram and ISIS-West Africa and armed separatist groups in the Southwest and Northwest Regions, irrespective of their ages. Page 11: Picture Alliance Eritrea Samantha Novick The acts element of sex trafficking is met when a trafficker recruits, harbors, transports, provides, obtains, patronizes, or solicits another person to engage in commercial sex. Anna Fraser Page 23: Picture Alliance * Islands in the Caribbean Seaalthough part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Aruba, Curaao, and Sint Maarten are covered by the Departments Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs. The Government of Burma had a policy or pattern of use of children for forced labor by the military. Saint Lucia It will promote peace and security in the region through maritime security and counterterrorism capacity building. This must include coming to terms with our role in having perpetuated violence and dehumanized people, and we must work to right these past wrongs. If another family member notices the exploitation of the child, there is a strong incentive to look the other way to protect the family, both physically and in reputation, from outside interventions. Then the church started the process of ex-communication to revoke my college scholarships because they believed I was willingly living my life in sin. To be truly effective, a comprehensive approach to prosecution, protection, andmost of allprevention must embed racial justice and equity across its policies and programs. Whether the government of the country vigorously investigates, prosecutes, convicts, and sentences public officials, including diplomats and soldiers, who participate in or facilitate severe forms of trafficking in persons, including nationals of the country who are deployed abroad as part of a diplomatic, peacekeeping, or other similar mission who engage in or facilitate severe forms of trafficking in persons or exploit victims of such trafficking, and takes all appropriate measures against officials who condone or enable such trafficking. Mei instead spent more than a year in Chinese detention facilities where the authorities subjected her to political indoctrination and forced her to work in a factory making gloves for US $0.02 a pair. Slovenia Sinking demand also led major global retailers to cancel orders and, in many cases, refuse to pay for products their supplier factories had already produced. Uzbekistan They have set up 16 economic empowerment businesses throughout Albania, which aim to decrease womens risk of exploitation by providing opportunities to participate in entrepreneurial projects in tourism, design, and education, among others. Most victims are not kidnapped by strangers or secretive syndicates. There were always lies, and it was never as glamorous as we were promised. While the government disbanded the committee in 2019 due to a lack of funding, Sagbo Sasse continued to give her time to be a key advisor to government officials, closely coordinating with relevant ministries on victim identification and referral efforts. Peacekeeping Operations (PKO) Since joining the Attorney Generals Office, her team has obtained 73 human trafficking convictions, issued 152 indictments for human trafficking, and initiated 941 human trafficking investigations. Angola Through this report, we call on governments to join the United States in improving our collective efforts to comprehensively address human trafficking. The US Department of State is urging the T&T Government to investigate fully and transparently any official suspected of complicity in human trafficking, and to seek conviction and sufficiently stringent punishment of any official found to be complicit. In the Gulf States, an IST Research survey of 6,000 migrant workers concluded employers were 36 percent more likely to confine migrant domestic workers to their workplace and were 240 percent more likely to force those workers to work on rest days than any other migrant workers. Often the people in the best position to identify a potential case of human trafficking are neighbors, family members, friends, or others close to victims or traffickers. After arriving in the United States, Vicente and several other Chilean students learned their program had been changed from a two-year program to a one-year program in food services. 11. Lebanon North Macedonia Many of us loathe the churches that allowed us to be abused with their hatred of us from the pulpit. Page 5: Picture Alliance Page 17: Sara Hylton This is seen, for example, in the overrepresentation of human trafficking victims among Black populations in some parts of South America, the lack of protections afforded to migrant workers in the Gulf that creates a dependence on others that traffickers can exploit, and the intentional targeting of Roma communities through law enforcement anti-trafficking operations in Eastern Europe. These can include serious harm, psychosocial harm, reputational harm, threats to others, and debt manipulation. GNA security sector leaders are also closely engaged in UN-led efforts to negotiate the terms of a ceasefire agreement, which could remove the impetus for the unlawful recruitment and use of child soldiers. Denmark When a White person goes missing, you hear about it every five minutes. Implement intentional self-care as part of organizational culture to build resilience and help mitigate vicarious trauma, including executive leadership modeling self-care best practices and encouraging staff to engage in healthy coping skills and take care of their emotional and physical health. The OSCE provides workshops and training to participating States on preventing trafficking in the organizations supply chains, and identifying and protecting trafficking victims. The TVPA also authorizes the President to waive these restrictions if necessary to avoid significant adverse effects on vulnerable populations, including women and girls, and children. In addition to GNA-aligned units, others, including the self-styled Libyan National Army, have engaged in the recruitment and use of child soldiers. For instance, advocates, survivors, and other experts have found that ingrained racial biases and stereotypes, which were created as a way to dehumanize certain racial communities to justify their exploitation and exclusion, hinder progress in anti-trafficking efforts because they lead to racially disparate assumptions about who is a trafficker and who should have access to victim protection and services. Coordinator for the Arctic Region, Deputy Secretary of State for Management and Resources, Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization, Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security, Bureau of Arms Control, Verification and Compliance, Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation, Under Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights, Bureau of Conflict and Stabilization Operations, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs, Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration, Office of International Religious Freedom, Office of the Special Envoy To Monitor and Combat Antisemitism, Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons, Under Secretary for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment, Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs, Office of the Science and Technology Adviser, Bureau of the Comptroller and Global Financial Services, Bureau of Information Resource Management, Office of Management Strategy and Solutions, Bureau of International Organization Affairs, Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs, Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs, U.S. South Sudan While the number of individuals at risk of trafficking grew during the pandemic, so did the conditions under which traffickers thrive. Bangladesh In addition, the President may determine to withhold funding for government official or employee participation in educational and cultural exchange programs in the case of certain Tier 3 countries. Mexico An end to the conflict will be critical in ending the further deterioration of socio-economic and security conditions, ensuring long-term stability, and securing the space for restoring effective governance institutions that are capable of partnering with the United States and the international community in combatting terrorism. Mark Forstrom Cambodia In three years, I had slept with over 500 people. Francesca J. Tadle Whether the government of the country, consistent with the capacity of such government, systematically monitors its efforts to satisfy the criteria described in paragraphs (1) through (8) and makes available publicly a periodic assessment of such efforts. Leo Page-Blau NGOs have also reported experiencing cyberattacks and threats on social media when they post statements debunking misinformation. The Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, as amended (TVPA), defines severe forms of trafficking in persons as: A victim need not be physically transported from one location to another for the crime to fall within this definition. Zimbabwe, Afghanistan As of April 5, DoD section 333 funding was obligated for the following activities: training and equipment. When there was an error at the local health clinic, and my blood got mixed up with another persons, I tested false positive for AIDS. Yemen. When Mei returned to Xinjiang Region in China to visit her ill father, Chinese officials stopped her at the border with Kazakhstan and seized her passport. The CSPA also prohibits the issuance of licenses for direct commercial sales of military equipment to such governments. Heather Fisher Liberia The purpose element in every sex trafficking case is the same: to engage in a commercial sex act. There are certain types of forced labor that are frequently distinguished for emphasis or because they are widespread: Domestic servitude is a form of forced labor in which the trafficker requires a victim to perform work in a private residence. Both the federal government and states have passed laws that shift the blame away from vulnerable youth and adults onto traffickers and customers and attach stiff penalties for sex trafficking. Kerry McBride Security assistance to Afghanistan subject to the CSPA restriction fulfills critical U.S. counterterrorism objectives and fosters conditions that enable an end to the conflict in Afghanistan. Financial institutions are required to comply with law enforcement processes seeking to identify traffickers assets, which can be seized, forfeited, and used toward restitution for victims. efforts, however laudable, undertaken exclusively by nongovernmental actors in the country; general public awareness eventsgovernment-sponsored or otherwiselacking concrete ties to the prosecution of traffickers, protection of victims, or prevention of trafficking; and. The 2021 report, which covers the period of April 1, 2020, to March 31, 2021, identified which governments around the world are meeting the minimum standards to eliminate human trafficking under . On December 2, Shaare Technologies LLC, (developers of the app) submitted its S4 Law Enforcement and Public Safety Technology to be judged amongst the best technologies in the world. Organizations can also implement paid mental health days, self-care plans as part of employee reviews, and organization-wide education encompassing individual wellness. However, familial trafficking, which is unique and just beginning to be understood in the field, is difficult to identify because it takes place within family networks and victimizes children, many of whom are under 12 years of age, who may not realize they are victims. This carefully calibrated support would be provided to the Yemen Border Guard, Yemen Coast Guard, and Yemen Special Operations Forces units not directly engaged in the current conflict, but rather involved in efforts against malign third party influences contributing to the on-going conflict and crisis. Ericka Moten Human trafficking rings often use instant and secure communication mechanisms to facilitate activities among members and employ GPS location applications as one way to remotely control victims. Business owners and landlords pressured individuals to take out loans in exchange for cheap labor or commercial sexual exploitation. Coercion in the case of sex trafficking includes the broad array of nonviolent means included in the forced labor definition. More than 200 countries have agreed to implement the FATF Recommendations, which require member countries to identify, assess, and understand money laundering and illicit finance risks and to mitigate those risks. Uganda The project retrofits select state-run or state-supported residential homes that provide housing to victims of trafficking by installing infrastructural upgrades, equipment and resources to create spaces for medical services, counselling and academic and vocational training for trafficking victims. Page 50: Ernst Coppejans Lucia Gallegos The importance of proactive response and crisis mitigation planning to anti-trafficking activities. It was only when I decided to escape my trafficker that I realized how pronounced racial injustice was in my community, particularly against human trafficking survivors with previous arrest records. Applying an equity-based lens involves evaluating and understanding how individual organizations perpetuate the marginalization of vulnerable populations, including persons with disabilities, LGBTQI+ persons, indigenous peoples, and members of racial, ethnic, and religious minority groups. Korea, South Never ask survivors in leadership, or in any other role, to share their story and never share their story for them. The DRC plays a critical role in regional stability and security as malign influences continue to expand their influence in the region. The courageous voices of survivors, their family members abroad, researchers, and international advocacy groups have thoroughly documented the PRCs discriminatory use of surveillance technologies and trumped-up administrative and criminal charges to abduct and detain more than one million Muslims, including Uyghurs, ethnic Hui, ethnic Kazakhs, ethnic Kyrgyz, ethnic Tajiks, and ethnic Uzbeks, in as many as 1,200 state-run internment camps throughout Xinjiang. The school administrators forced Vicente and the other students to adhere to an exhausting work and academic schedule and threatened deportation and legal action if they failed to comply or skipped a work shift. At first, it may not be apparent that acting on this information could have any harmful consequences. For example, Winrock Internationals How to Build Cross-Sectoral Collaboration to Protect Workers in the Age of COVID-19, seeks to initiate cross-sector collaboration and provide guidance for the private sector and anti-trafficking organizations to address increased vulnerability to human trafficking, particularly forced labor, for job seekers, migrant workers, and individuals from vulnerable communities. Steven Davis In addition to reforming the kafala system, governments should also consider ratifying the ILO Domestic Workers Convention, 2011 (No. Georgia Traffickers target some individuals with an initial debt assumed willingly as a condition of future employment, while in certain countries traffickers tell individuals they inherited the debt from relatives. It reflects on the lessons learned from practitioners and offers considerations to rebuild momentum through coordinated anti-trafficking strategies. Kristy Mordhorst Some countries automatically extended temporary and transitory visas for migrant workers, while others suspended fines for unauthorized stays or extended medical coverage to anyone awaiting a decision on their immigration status. Forty percent of those on the streets are LGBTQI+. Panama Eritrea The following excerpts highlight the reflections of some who have directly experienced the ways in which systemic racism intersects with human trafficking in the United States and provide insight and guidance on how best to move forward. Korea, North A survey by the Office of Security and Co-operation in Europes OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) and UN Women highlights that almost 70 percent of trafficking survivors from 35 countries reported that their financial well-being was heavily impacted by COVID-19, and more than two-thirds attributed a decline in their mental health to government-imposed lockdowns triggering memories of exploitative situations. As such, vicarious trauma and the mental health needs of all consultants and staff members should also be prioritized, as opposed to singling out survivor leaders as the only individuals affected by trafficking or other sources of trauma. As the DRCs principal partner in ending its devastating almost 2-year Ebola outbreak in the East and a major contributor to humanitarian assistance overall, the United States can leverage existing relationships to multiply and synergize the impact of PKO assistance. Netherlands Al-Obaidly and his team have been strategic and persistent in the drive to instill real change, even when the task at hand seemed impossible. Do you get to choose to be abused in a society where death is the alternative? If looking for more information on survivor-informed best practices, please see NHTTACs Survivor-Informed Practice: Definition, Best Practices, and Recommendations. Belize Turkey Anti-trafficking actors in all sectors should increase collaboration with the private sector to strengthen anti-trafficking efforts that encourage and support prevention of forced labor in supply chains, especially as companies aim to make up for pandemic-related production disruptions and widespread unemployment drives vulnerability. Three police officers were prosecuted for trafficking crimes, and a customs officer was charged in April 2021 under the Immigration Act for aiding and abetting the illegal entry of a Venezuelan migrant, but the investigation, which included a probe into whether the case involved human trafficking, is still pending. The economic and social distress generated by the pandemic and related mitigation efforts exacerbated risks for vulnerable and marginalized populations. Paraguay Observers noted the judiciarys broad discretion and inconsistency in granting bail, as well as reports of fraud and corruption within the bail process, engendered concomitant recidivism (repeat offences), victim re-traumatisation and a perception of impunity.. 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government officials involved in human trafficking 2021