[Source: Sketches of Wood County: Its Early History; as embraced in and connected with other Counties of West Virginia. As of 2009[update], over 12,500 archaeological sites have been documented in West Virginia.[1][2]. "[12] Virginia leaders maintained a property qualification for suffrage effectively disenfranchising poorer farmers in the west, whose families did much of the farm work themselves. Following the war, Virginia unsuccessfully brought a case to the Supreme Court challenging the secession of Berkeley County and Jefferson County to West Virginia. 270. Estimates of the numbers of Civil War soldiers from the state, both within the Union and Confederacy, have varied widely, but recent studies have placed the numbers about equal,[31] from 22,000 to 25,000 each. and these survey were assigned by Hite to those who purchased of It extended the vote to all white males 21 years or older. Middle-class women made up the majority of volunteers; many programs were not open to African American and lower-class white women. As a result, every county west of the Alleghenies except one voted to reject the constitution, which nevertheless passed because of eastern support. Early Settlers of Southwest Virginia-Chronological List Watchers Quolla6 Cwatan Share Southwest Virginia Project Return to Southwest Virginia Project Main Page ___________________________________________________________ Category: Southwest Virginia Project Don't want ads? Soon after this, white settlers began moving into the Greater Shenandoah-Potomac Valley making up the entire eastern portion of the state. In October 3. Contemporaneously to Fort Ancient Tradition southerly of the state, the sister culture called Monongahela is found on the northerly of the Mountain State stemming from the Drew Tradition. 1776 - People in the region petition the Congress to create a 14th state called Westsylvania, but it is denied. The first native settlers in West Virginia's Potomac Highlands (Grant, Hampshire, Hardy, Mineral, Pendleton, Pocahontas, Randolph, and Tucker counties) were the Mound Builders, also known as the Adena people. As the war went on, many citizens began to turn against the conflict. Social conditions in western Virginia were entirely unlike those in the eastern portion of the state. Votes from the secessionist counties in the October 24 vote on statehood were mostly cast by refugees in the area around Wheeling, not in the counties themselves. The Jamestown settlement, established in 1607, was the seat of England's first permanent colony in North America. When the statehood bill reached Congress, however, the lack of an emancipation clause prompted opposition from Senator Charles Sumner and Senator Benjamin Wade of Ohio. Much of the northern panhandle and north-central portion of the state are underlain by bedded salt deposits over 50 feet (15m) thick. give, are as follows: There were Berkeley County was founded in 1772 In May, 1740, to Peter acres purchased by the said Jost Hire from Isaac and John Van [25] The large number of Northerners in this convention caused great distrust over the new Constitution during Reconstruction years. Early settlers like people of German descent started to arrive in the 1700s. Forman, Nath Thomas: To John Grubb, Thos. Brock, Robt. Meter, who had obtained orders of our said Lieutenant-Governor, The instrument was ratified on April 11, 1862, with 18,162 votes for and 514 against. In 1872, under the leadership of Samuel Price, former Lt. During the war, the settlers in western Virginia were generally active Whigs and many served in the Continental Army. acres. acres. The Virginia General Assembly repealed the act of cession and in 1866 brought suit against West Virginia asking the court to declare the two counties a part of Virginia. This strategy was a success, and West Virginia became the 34th of the 36 states needed to ratify the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. West Virginia suffragists worked at supporting the agendas put forward by the National American Woman Suffrage Association, the National Association of Colored Women and the Woman's Christian Temperance Union in the 1890s through the early part of the 20th century. [9] The two ferry crossings became the earliest locations of government authorized civilian commercial crafts on what would become a part of the West Virginia Waterways. The 1744 Treaty of Lancaster had left ambiguous whether the Iroquois had sold only as far as the Alleghenies, or all their claim south of the Ohio, including the rest of modern West Virginia. Their railroad was renamed Norfolk and Western (N&W), and a new railroad city was developed at Roanoke to handle planned expansion. [41], West Virginia was forested. It looks like you're using Internet Explorer 11 or older. During this expedition the pair followed the New River and discovered Kanawha Falls. "[37] Instead of Rev. acres, on South side of the Cohongolulu, dated 3 October "Betrayal in the West Virginia Coal Fields: Eugene V. Debs and the Socialist Party of America, 19121914,", Edwards, Pamela. [34] In addition, a large portion of the state was secessionist,[35] and any polls there had to be conducted under military intervention. At the small rainbow trout hatchery in 1955, a yellow-mottled fingerling was noticed by Petersburg manager Vincent Evans. 20 Aug. 1734, see Grant Book No. 3000 acres, October 3, 1734, Grant to Morgan Morgan, 1000 This push, however, would soon provoke conflict, both with Native Americans already living in the area and with the French who also believed they held claim to the land. Kanawha salt production followed by coal and timber could be seen on the waterways. Their living characteristics were more of a heritage from the Woodland Indians.[7]. Served in House of Burgesses in 1653-1658, father of Robert "King" Carter, acting Governor of Virginia 1726-1727. Orange County, Virginia was formed in 1734. It is rare that so many names of the early settlers of any region can be gotten at this day. Paleo-Indian culture appears by 10,500 BC in West Virginia passing along the major river valleys and ridge-line gap watersheds. Complete listing of Early Virginia Immigrants, 1623-1666 (from book published 1912 by George Cabell Greer, now copyright-free) Each line contains from left to right: LAST & FIRST - Name of immigrant who came to America ARRIVAL - Year of immigrant arrival SPONSOR - Name of sponsoring person(s) paying passage of immigrant COUNTY - County in which sponsor received land for payment of passage . Genealogical records. The low vote turnout for the statehood referendum was due to many factors. Soon, the N&W was also shipping from its own new coal piers on Hampton Roads at Lamberts Point outside Norfolk. 536 acres, in Spottsylvania, Grant to Peter Stephen, 600 Ramp Hollow: The Ordeal of Appalachia (p. 22). After the 1730s, Virginia enacted a law that promised free land to new settlers, encouraging them to move west and form new colonies. acres, dated October 3, 1734, Grant to David Perkins, 519 The western area focused its commerce on neighbors to the west, and many citizens felt that the more populous eastern areas were too dominant in the Virginia General Assembly and insensitive to their needs. 1863-1889 Plats and surveys FS Library film 462959. Historical Magazine. Various game animals and now protected birds were raised for conservation repopulating or control reasons throughout the state. ", The assignment of the said "orders" was made to Hite and Hite had the surveys made, and the surveyor In 1661, King Charles II of England had granted a company of gentleman the land between the Potomac and Rappahannock rivers, known as the Northern Neck. note: The 3 articles, Early Land Grants, Frederick In the late 18th century, the steel trap increased efficiency, and beaver became scarce. acres, October 3, 1734, Grant to George Williams, 489 Among the numerous investors were Charles Pratt and New York City mayor Abram S. Hewitt, whose father-in-law, Peter Cooper, had been a key man in earlier development of the anthracite coal regions centered in eastern Pennsylvania and northwestern New Jersey. Members of the Carpenter family were among the first white people to settle in what is now central West Virginia, and their descendants populate a wide area today. [William and Mary Quarterly] ADAMS, Thomas (in Virginia shortly before 1664), Isle of Wight county; brother of William Adams, of Kenton, Devon. McDowell and James The Senate representation was arbitrarily fixed at 50 seats, with the west receiving twenty, and the east thirty senators. Such works include historical information on a building and genealogical information on its inhabitants. organized in 1743, where it would be supposed that deeds would An application for admission to the Union was made to Congress. West Virginia's mines were considered so unsafe that immigration officials would not recommend them as a source of employment for immigrants, and those unskilled immigrants who did work in the coal mines were more susceptible to death or injury. 1738 but was not organized until 1743, Grant to John Smith, 420 600 acres, October 3, 1734, Grant to Isaac Garrison, 1000 The necessary sections of right-of way and land were acquired before the large railroads realized what was happening. Nisoranger, Thos. The Wheeling Convention, which had taken a recess until August 6, 1861, reassembled on August 20, 1861, and called for a popular vote on the formation of a new state and for a convention to frame a constitution if the vote should be favorable. The international community overwhelmingly considers Israel's settlements as illegal and obstacles to peace. The settlement of present-day West Virginia began in the mid-1700s, when Scotch-Irish and German settlers from Pennsylvania came to the area that is now Berkeley and Greenbriar counties. that so many names of the early settlers of any region can be But renegade Cherokee chief Dragging Canoe continued to dispute the settlers' advance, fighting the CherokeeAmerican wars (17761794) until after the American Revolutionary War. Notwithstanding the competitive fears of the C&O and N&W, soon all three railroads were shipping ever-increasing volumes of coal to export from Hampton Roads. Pudup, Mary Beth, Dwight B. Billings, and Altina L. Waller, eds. acres, on the _____ branch of the Opeckon, between the Following are the traditional Archaic sub-periods; Early (80006000 BC), Middle (60004000 BC), and Late (40001000 BC). Christian The following The company sought to have a fourteenth colony established with the name Vandalia. Served as Acting Gov., Secretary of State and Attorney General, Served as Attorney General, High Sheriff and Col. of the Militia, served in House of Burgesses and was Sheriff in Stafford County. The Treaty of Albany, 1722, designated the Blue Ridge Mountains as the western boundary of white settlement,[9] and recognized Iroquois rights on the west side of the ridge, including all of West Virginia. and others. Arrived in Jamestown in 1608, Served in House of Burgesses for Elizabeth City County. Some were German-born or the Pennsylvania-born children of German-speaking Protestant immigrants from the Palatinate and other areas bordering the Rhine River. It is rare James Wood, and to William Williams, Jacob Neswanger, which surveys were made and a record kept thereof. Slaves under the age of 12 years were not taxed and slaves over that age were taxed at only $300, a fraction of their true value. Soon after the Union government declared that the Restored Government was the legitimate government of the Commonwealth, the Restored Government asserted its authority to give such approval. Many such early settlers in Virginia were called Second Sons. Institution. This database is comprised of fourteen books. Writtenhouse, Jacob Christman, John Hite, William Reed, The first permanent settlement in the Northwest Territory was the New Englander's town of Marietta, established in 1788. 520, High Density: {{copy.hd_shelf}}, {{copy.hd_shelfmark}}. A service provided by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Meanwhile, Congress on March 10, 1866, passed a joint resolution recognizing the transfer. [Webmasters West Virginia was one of five Civil War border states. According to historian Anne Wallace Effland, conservative social and religious beliefs together with the campaigns by anti-suffragists kept up a solid defense against them. Logging was supported by a dense rail network extending throughout the mountains and hollows. Also brief accounts of First Settlers, and their Descendants. In 2011, West Virginia state delegate Larry Kump sponsored legislation to allow Morgan, Berkeley, and Jefferson counties to rejoin Virginia by popular vote. Morgan ap Morgan, a Welshman, built a cabin near present-day Bunker Hill in Berkeley County in 1727. [18] It was decided that if the ordinance were adopted (of which there was little doubt) another convention including the members-elect of the legislature should meet at Wheeling in June 1861. A long list of names is given, perhaps most of the settlers of the time. Adena villages can be characterized as rather large compared to Late Prehistoric tribes. After an early expedition in 1584 to the "New World" by Sir Walter Raleigh, many other expeditions from England were sent to explore and colonize, including three ships that set sail on April 30, 1607, which were funded by "The Virginia Company". Large Landowner Gloucester Richmond Stafford Counties. West Virginia was officially admitted as a U.S. state on June 20, 1863. If you are using a computer in the Family History Library in Salt Lake City, you may use this database by clicking here. acres, October 3, 1734, Grant to Geo. After the war, with the new railroads came a practical method to transport large quantities of coal to expanding U.S. and export markets. deeds recorded to Stephen Hunsonbeller. Coal transloading facilities were developed at several points, notably Toledo, Ohio. Railroad spurs were built throughout West Virginia, connecting mines to the riverboats, barges and coal-tipples. 1738 but was not organized until 1743 "Crisis Politics in West Virginia, 18611870," in Richard O. Curry ed., Engle, Stephen D. "Mountaineer Reconstruction: Blacks in the Political Reconstruction of West Virginia,", Fredette, Allison. acres, 12 November 1735. only sixteen year old to be a competent surveyor, but more In 1889, in the southern part of the state, along the Norfolk and Western rail lines, the important coal center of Bluefield, West Virginia was founded. First colonial governor of Albemarle Sound settlement in the Province of Carolina and a participant in Bacon's Rebellion. Early West Virginia settlers, 1600s-1900s Format: Books/Monographs/Book on Compact Disc Language: English Publication: [S.l.] speak by the records of those that were among the earliest, if Following this conflict, known as Dunmore's War, the Shawnee and Mingo ceded their rights south of the Ohio, that is, to West Virginia and Kentucky. The Adena provided the greatest cultural influence in the state. In 1748, Thomas, Lord Fairfax sent included in a county to be called the county of Orange, being On December 31, 1862, an enabling act was approved by President Lincoln, admitting West Virginia on the condition that a provision for the gradual abolition of slavery be inserted in the Constitution. Johnson, 298 Illinois and Missouri. On August 22, 1872, an entirely new constitution was adopted. Produced in collaboration with the Genealogical Publishing Company. Although WEST VIRGINIA is used on this webpage for convenience, In 1671, General Abraham Wood, at the direction of Royal Governor William Berkeley of the Virginia Colony, sent the party of Thomas Batts and Robert Fallum into the West Virginia area. In Feb., 1739, to Hendery [16][17] Almost immediately after the adoption of the ordinance, a mass meeting at Clarksburg recommended that each county in northwestern Virginia send delegates to a convention to meet in Wheeling on May 13, 1861. Harris. Skip ahead a few decades until after the Civil War. Eight shires were designated, each with its own local officers. This unique collection of family and local histories, marriage records, military records, and court records references approximately 200,000 individuals. Disputes about the exact location of the border in some of the northern mountain reaches between Loudoun County, Virginia and Jefferson County, West Virginia continued well into the 20th century. Remnants of the Mound Builder=s civilization have been found throughout West Virginia, with a high concentration of artifacts located at Moundsville, West Virginia, in Marshall County. Major crises in the Virginia state government over these differences were averted on more than one occasion during the period before the American Civil War, but the underlying problems were fundamental and never well resolved. Waddell, in his Annals of Augusta County, Virginia, from 1726 to 1871 provides a list of the first few families that made up the first influx of settlers seeking in early Orange and Augusta County, Virginia. With only 21 followers, in October of 1859 he took hostages and freed slaves in Harpers Ferry, at that time in Virginia. the West Virginia Historical Society and there may be more. In limited facilities of late 1956, "Goldy" had spawn with a few Rainbow trout. [46], Mike Shingleton of the Division of Natural Resources explained the Centennial Golden Trout evolution. The Film/Digital Notes contain a description of the microfilm or microfiche numbers. The Proclamation of 1763 again confirmed all land beyond the Alleghenies as Indian Territory, but the Iroquois finally relinquished their claims south of the Ohio to Britain at the Treaty of Fort Stanwix in 1768. A camera icon indicates items that are digitally available online. A horse-drawn logging "tram" with a special block and tackle for hill-side harvesting was brought into use, allowing expansion of Crooked Creek and the opening of a wooden barrel plant at the creek's mouth. Etching of the Fort at Morgantown, W. Va. Traveler's Rest, Jefferson County, W. Va. Besides the well-publicized mine disasters that killed a number of miners at a time, there were many smaller episodes in which one or two miners lost their lives. acres, October 3, 1734, Grant to Paul Williams, 270 [23] The other delegates to the June Convention were "chosen even more irregularly-some in mass meetings, others by county committee, and still others were seemingly self-appointed". Most of them came from Pennsylvania in the north in search of new lands. The American History and Genealogy Project. On the following day, the convention chose Francis H. Pierpont as governor of the "Restored Government of Virginia", elected other officers, and adjourned. "'This Bastard New Virginia': Slavery, West Virginia Exceptionalism, and the Secession Crisis,". Morgan Morgan (November 1, 1688-November 17, 1766) is traditionally considered the first white settler of West Virginia. Efforts to block Page and Rogers through many legal tactics and even several violent confrontations ultimately failed. Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, National American Woman Suffrage Association, Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, Former counties, cities, and towns of Virginia, List of Registered Historic Places in West Virginia, "West Virginia Memory Project - Timeline Search", "Reclaiming Congressman Philip Doddridge from Tidewater Cultural Imperialism", "How Virginia Split Into "East" and West Virginia (But With Only Three Shenandoah Valley Counties, and Without Southwest Virginia)", "WVGES Geology: West Virginia Salt Industry", "Logging the Virgin Forests of West Virginia", 5 Facts about the Vietnam War & West Virginia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_West_Virginia&oldid=1142136754, History of the Southern United States by state, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2009, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1922 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from EB9, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Rasmussen, Barbara. acres, October 3, 1734, Grant to Abraham Pennington, Raleigh County 320 in favor of statehood, Clay 760, Braxton 220, and some gave no returns at all. In Noe and Shannon H. Wilson, Riccards, Michael P. "Lincoln and the Political Question: The Creation of the State of West Virginia", Stealey III, John E. "The Freedmen's Bureau in West Virginia,", Zimring, David R. "'Secession in Favor of the Constitution': How West Virginia Justified Separate Statehood during the Civil War. him, and the grants were issued directly to the said purchasers, Some West Virginia women also volunteered for military service, which was available to African American women. 230, "Mr. Lamb, of Ohio County declared that out of 2000 voters in Hampshire County, one hundred and 95 votes had been cast and he had heard that of these one hundred were cast by soldiers. George Washington to Frederick County to survey lands for him, "[32] Many private citizens were arrested by federal authorities at the request of Wheeling and interned in prison camps, most notably Camp Chase in Columbus, Ohio. The area that comprises West Virginia was originally part of the British Virginia Colony (16071776) and the western part of the U.S. state of Virginia (17761863). The area now known as West Virginia was a favorite hunting ground of numerous Native American peoples before the arrival of European settlers. patent or grant of land west of the Blue Ridge was made to Jost Although West Virginia's first constitution provided for the assumption of a part of the Virginia debt, negotiations opened by Virginia in 1870 were fruitless, and in 1871 that state funded two-thirds of the debt and arbitrarily assigned the remainder to West Virginia. Also are the Buffalo Phase, Transitional Archaic Phase, Transitional Period Culture and Central Ohio Valley Archaic Phase. [6] They were farmers who cultivated large fields around their villages, concentrating on corn, beans, tubers, sunflowers, gourds and many types of squash including the pumpkin. Served as Deputy-Governor of the Virginia Colony from 1616-1617, 1625 & 1627. Within the Mountain State, these tribal villages can be characterized as rather small and scattered as they moved about the old fields every couple of generations. Heavy settlement began in the 1760s after Indian claims had been settled. In 1991, both state legislatures appropriated money for a boundary commission to look into 15 miles (24km) of the border area. When the First Wheeling Convention met, 425 delegates from 25 counties were present, but a division of sentiment soon arose. Among its many products, the shipyard began building ocean-going ships, known as colliers, to transport coal to other eastern ports (notably in New England) and overseas. Nonetheless, West Virginia was considered the frontier for quite some time. In 1632, the Virginia legislature voted to build a fort to link Jamestown and the York River settlement of Chiskiack and protect the colony from Indian attacks. In addition, the Virginia Constitutional Convention of 18291830 gave the slave-owning counties the benefit of three-fifths of their slave population in apportioning representation in the Virginia Assembly. Served as Colonial Governor of Virginia 1635-1637. Early settlers did not find the area particularly inviting, so the population was sparse during the 18th and 19th centuries. They now proposed a division when it was impossible for one-fourth of even the counties included in the boundaries proposed to give even an expression upon the proposition." Ashby, Wildlife biologist Robert Silvester of the State Wildlife Center wrote a history of conservation in West Virginia. ", Corbin, David Alan. There has The grant eventually came into the possession of Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron and in 1746 a stone was erected at the source of the North Branch Potomac River to mark the western limit of the grant. The history of West Virginia stems from the 1861 Wheeling Convention, which was an assembly of northwestern Virginian Southern Unionists, who aimed to repeal the Ordinance of Secession that Virginia made during the American Civil War (18611865). acres, October 3, 1734, Grant to Thos. History of the James River and Kanawha Company By Wayland Fuller Dunaway. The first two English women arrived in 1608. I-II) -- Genealogy of some early families in Grant and Pleasant districts, Preston County, West Virginia -- Greenbrier pioneers and their homes / by Ruth Woods Dayton -- Roane County, West Virginia families / by William H. Bishop -- Pioneers and their homes in the upper Kanawha / by Ruth Woods Dayton -- Marriage records of Berkeley County, Virginia for the period 1781-1854, located at Berkeley County Court House, Martinsburg, W. Va. / compiled and edited by Guy L. Keesecker -- Mason County, West Virginia, marriages, 1806-1915 / compiled and edited by Julie Chapin Hesson, Sherman Gene Hesson & Jane J. Russell -- Early records, Hampshire County, Virginia, now West Virginia / compiled by Clara McCormack Sage and Laura Sage Jones -- West Virginia estate settlements : an index to wills, inventories, appraisements, land grants, and surveys to 1850 / compiled by Ross B. Johnson -- West Virginia revolutionary ancestors : whose services were non-military, and whose names, therefore, do not appear in Revolutionary indexes of soldiers and sailors / compiled by Anne Waller Ready -- West Virginians in the American Revolution / compiled by Ross B. Johnson -- The Soldiery of West Virginia : in the French and Indian War, Lord Dunmore's War, the Revolution, the later Indian wars, the Whiskey Insurrection, the second war with England, the War with Mexico, and addenda relating to West Virginia in the Civil War / the whole compiled from authentic sources by Virgil Anson Lewis. As West Virginia. [ 1 ] [ 2 ], '' east thirty senators, served House. Division of Natural Resources explained the Centennial Golden trout evolution of sentiment soon arose colony from 1616-1617, &..., 1863 feet ( 15m ) thick barges and coal-tipples, 1872, An entirely new constitution was.., 425 delegates from 25 Counties were present, but a Division of Natural Resources explained the Centennial Golden evolution... By Hite to those who purchased of it extended the vote to all males... Indians. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Jefferson County, W. Va. Traveler 's Rest, Jefferson,. Hill in Berkeley County in 1727 kept thereof on Compact Disc Language: English Publication [. Jamestown in 1608, served in House of Burgesses for Elizabeth City County 12,500 sites... Description of the Fort at Morgantown, W. Va. Traveler 's Rest, Jefferson County, W. Va. Traveler Rest! 'S Rebellion Jefferson County, W. Va. Traveler 's Rest, Jefferson,., 1688-November 17, 1766 ) is traditionally considered the frontier for some. X27 ; s first permanent colony in North America a History of conservation in West was! On a building and genealogical information on a building and genealogical information on a building and genealogical information on building! And to William Williams, Jacob Neswanger, which surveys were made and a record kept thereof manager Vincent.... Before the arrival of European settlers 1743, where it would be supposed that deeds would An application admission. { { copy.hd_shelfmark } }, { { copy.hd_shelfmark } }, { { copy.hd_shelf }! Took hostages and freed slaves in Harpers Ferry, at that time in Virginia. [ 7.... Morgantown, W. 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early west virginia settlers